Samsung 970 EVO
Samsung Phoenix Controller | 96-Layer V-NAND Technology | Hardware Encryption and Security
Introduction
The Samsung 970 EVO Plus represents a pinnacle of PCIe 3.0 NVMe SSD technology, delivering exceptional performance for tech enthusiasts and professionals. Launched in 2019 as an upgrade to the original 970 EVO, this drive leverages Samsung’s 96-layer V-NAND flash and proprietary Phoenix controller to push sequential read/write speeds beyond 3,500/3,300 MB/s. Designed for high-performance computing, content creation, and gaming, it remains a compelling option for users seeking reliable, future-proof storage without transitioning to PCIe 4.0 platforms.
Product Overview
The 970 EVO Plus targets users requiring fast storage for demanding workloads, including 4K video editing, data analysis, and AAA gaming. Available in 250GB to 2TB capacities, it utilizes the M.2 2280 form factor and adheres to NVMe 1.3 specifications. The drive’s Samsung V-NAND 3-bit MLC flash ensures endurance ratings up to 1,200 TBW (terabytes written), backed by a 5-year limited warranty. Its compatibility with AES 256-bit encryption and TCG/Opal security protocols makes it suitable for enterprise and personal use.
Key Features
Samsung Phoenix Controller
The in-house Phoenix controller optimizes data flow between the host system and NAND flash, enabling consistent performance under sustained workloads. Its five-core architecture includes a dedicated core for error correction and wear-leveling algorithms.
96-Layer V-NAND Technology
Samsung’s 3D stacking technology increases storage density while reducing power consumption. The 96-layer design improves sequential write speeds by 53% over the 64-layer predecessor, particularly in smaller capacities like the 250GB model.
Hardware Encryption and Security
Full-disk encryption via AES 256-bit and TCG/Opal 2.0 compliance ensures data protection for sensitive applications. This feature is critical for professionals handling confidential data or users prioritizing privacy.
Performance Analysis
Sequential Speeds
The 970 EVO Plus achieves sequential read speeds up to 3,500 MB/s and writes up to 3,300 MB/s (1TB model). These figures outperform most PCIe 3.0 competitors, such as the WD Black SN750, and rival entry-level PCIe 4.0 drives in real-world scenarios. However, sustained writes under heavy load may throttle to ~2,300 MB/s due to thermal constraints.
Random Performance
With random read/write speeds up to 620K/560K IOPS (4KB, QD32), the drive excels in multitasking environments. Low queue depth (QD1) performance reaches 19,000/60,000 IOPS, ensuring responsiveness for everyday tasks like booting operating systems or loading applications.
Thermal Management
The Phoenix controller dynamically adjusts power states to balance performance and thermals. While the drive operates within a 0–70°C range, extended heavy workloads may trigger throttling. Passive heatsinks are recommended for sustained use in poorly ventilated systems.
Compatibility
Xbox Series X/S
The 970 EVO Plus is compatible with Xbox Series X/S as external storage via USB enclosures. However, it cannot be used to expand the console’s internal NVMe slot, which requires PCIe 4.0 drives.
Steam Deck and Handheld PCs
This SSD works with the Steam Deck as external storage through USB-C adapters. For internal upgrades, the Steam Deck requires UHS-I microSD cards, making the 970 EVO Plus unsuitable for direct installation.
Raspberry Pi
When paired with third-party M.2-to-USB adapters, the drive functions reliably with Raspberry Pi systems. Pre-configured kits, such as those from CanaKit, include optimized Raspberry Pi OS installations for plug-and-play use.
Desktops and Laptops
The 970 EVO Plus is universally compatible with PCs featuring M.2 NVMe slots. Older systems may require BIOS updates to recognize the drive. It performs optimally in PCIe 3.0 x4 interfaces, though it remains backward-compatible with PCIe 2.0 at reduced speeds.
Advantages and Limitations
Strengths
Cost-Performance Ratio: Offers near-PCIe 4.0 speeds at a lower price point, making it ideal for budget-conscious upgraders.
Endurance: With up to 1,200 TBW (2TB model), it outperforms many TLC-based competitors in longevity.
Constraints
PCIe 3.0 Limitation: Cannot leverage the full bandwidth of modern PCIe 4.0/5.0 motherboards.
Thermal Throttling: Sustained write operations may degrade performance in systems lacking adequate cooling.
Conclusion
The Samsung 970 EVO Plus remains a top-tier choice for users prioritizing speed, durability, and security within the PCIe 3.0 ecosystem. While not compatible with cutting-edge platforms like the PlayStation 5, it excels in gaming PCs, workstations, and external storage configurations. Its balance of price and performance makes it a versatile upgrade for DIY builders and professionals alike.
Works Cited
AnandTech. “The Samsung 970 EVO Plus NVMe SSD Review.” AnandTech, 22 Jan. 2019, www.anandtech.com/show/13761/the-samsung-970-evo-plus-ssd-review.
Samsung Electronics. “970 EVO Plus Specifications.” Samsung Semiconductor, semiconductor.samsung.com/us/consumer-storage/internal-ssd/970evoplus.
StorageReview. “Samsung 970 EVO Plus 1TB Review.” StorageReview, 22 Jan. 2019, www.storagereview.com/review/samsung-970-evo-plus-1tb-review.
